WOMEN’S MOVEMENT IN SAUDI ARABIA an Example of the Topic Government and Law Essays by

WOMEN’S MOVEMENT IN SAUDI ARABIA Gender inequality is present in almost every aspect of human endeavorin education, employment, consumption of goods, political agency, and the ability to acquire property. These are just some of the areas that gender inequality may be observed, but regardless of the venue, it is almost always the female who is disadvantaged. Gender-inequality, hence, is tantamount to discrimination and oppression of women. Efforts to control the practice of discrimination have long been underway. Need essay sample on "WOMENS MOVEMENT IN SAUDI ARABIA" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed People Frequently Tell EssayLab specialists: How much do I have to pay someone to make my essay in time? Essay writers suggest: Ask Us To Write My Paper And Get Professional Help Cheap Writing Services Pay For Essay Reviews Cheapest Essay Writing Service Cheap Writing Service Reviews From the time of Khadija, the role of women in Islam has been evolving depending on how the social and religious leaders bestow treatment on them. To delve into the role and status of women in Islam poses great challenge, in that many different perspectives about the subject are fighting for equal consideration. Yet the only possible way to completely understand the lives of Muslim women is through the Quran, the source of Truth for the Muslims, which according to Asmas Barlas, serves as the essential nucleus of their religion (32). This Holy Scripture is both a religious guide for personal piety and the basis for the adherents practical and political behavior (Barlas 32). Quran does not separate religion from the secular. It encompasses all aspect of life, such that within the lines of the Suras is where one can essentially find the delegated place of women in Islam, as pronounced by the Prophet himself. The early Muslim women, for instance, were assigned a special role in which they were responsible for ensuring that their fellows in the society perform their religious duties. For Dr. Hassan al-Turabi, the role of the women of Islam is to discharge collective responsibilities though in many occasions they may be relieved from such tasks of family maintenance, attendance of group prayers and conscription for war if men can sufficiently attend to them. Nonetheless, the relative consideration towards women did not prevent many from actively participating in military services and public affairs, the prophets favourite wife, Sayidah Aishah, being one of these active women (Barlas, 2002). The women of Islam during those earlier days of religious conquest were both visible in the pursuit of public good and religious merits. The wise Prophet himself occasionally intercedes for women in the name of justice. During Jihad, the womens military participation includes bringing water to the thirsty warriors, treating the wounded and carrying them to safety. In some instances, women were even said to engage in the warfare themselves. When it comes to public affairs, they have their voice and were often consulted for further opinion. They were not segregated from such important gatherings as public meetings and festivals (al-Turrabi). Hence, women used to carry out important roles just like men, especially in the building of Islam. The eventual degradation of their statuses, which causes the current gender discrimination and seclusion, may be explained by the fact that the way women are treated now under Islam may not be the way they should be treated in reference to the foundation of Islamic faith. grave inequality that the non-Muslim world is now seeing is due to the intermingling of pre-Islamic ideologies that rest on patriarchy with Islam tenets. (Barlas, 2002). A survey conducted by Naseef Nassar of National Constitutions among Muslims Arab countries today revealed the three types of modern constitutional parameters concerning women (Haddad and Esposito 6). Amongst the traditional nations including Kuwait, UAE, Bahrain, Qatar and Northern Yemen, women are confined to the roles of a wife and a mother, and her identity is said to depend on her familial relations. In the second cohort, composed of Syria, Southern Yemen, Algeria and Iraq, women of Islam must pursue the same traditional wife and motherly roles but they should be treated as educated and cultured individuals. Thus, women can work and become involved in political affairs. The third group from which Morocco and Egypt belongs grants the most liberal position to women, so that they can fulfil the multiple roles of being a wife and a mother as well as an active member of the community. As can be seen in the lifestyles of Muslim women in the third group, they lead dynamic lives as keepe rs of their homes yet with equal opportunities in the political, cultural, and economic realms. This is what social analysts now call the progressive view on the role of women in Islam. (Alarifi Pharaon, 2004). Women encounter inequalities in almost every aspect of their lives, and many of these are reinforced by the social structures and organizations in which they live. Though a great number of women have already proven that they have achieved equality in education there is still a larger group that incessantly encounter roadblocks to quality education. In fact, it may be the case that society is under-investing in the education of women, without realizing that the price for such negligence is slower economic growth, poverty, and poorer quality of life. A consensus among researchers who have studied the relationship between gender-equality in education and economic growth and development states that gender-equal education leads to better performing economies, which in turn, reinforces gender equality (Alarifi Pharaon, 2004). The nature of the women's citizenship rights in societies in Middle East results because of the4 built-in discrepancy in the different constitutions giving the rights to men and women as well as the different codes that define women. In Saudi Arabia, Muslim women are not permitted to drive although many say that these practices are totally unrelated to the origins of Islam, but based on cultural and traditional customs which have been injected to these societies. These deviations are the result of mans interpretation and applications of the Islamic teachings. Man and woman in Islam are not actually duplicates of one another but the complements. This division of labor allows the shortcomings of one sex which will be compensated by the strengths of the other. It is recognized that both sexes came from one source and therefore, enjoy the same status. There are differences in terms of beliefs as the how women originated and in a way, this has influenced the view of womens role. (Alarifi Pharaon, 2004). In Kay Ebelings The Failure of Feminism, she recounted her experiences as a single mother and the experiences of other contemporaries whom she believes are the victims of the feminist movement that failed. Today I see feminism as a Great Experiment That Failed, and the women in my generation, the perpetrators, are the casualties (Ebeling 2005). Ebelings account is true to some extent. The present condition of the women in her generation does not show any signs that the feminist movement succeeded in liberating women. They became single working mothers who only get a chance in blind dates that only make them realize how far men have gone ahead of them and how they could get away with having children and yet not having to bear the responsibility of childbearing (Ebeling). In conclusion, inaccuracies emerge and are perpetrated if we tend to accept everything without being judicious and vigilant. We appreciate the clarifications set forth by Muslim women and it helps in eliminating our ignorance. Westernized/modernized that we are, we must not consider ourselves superior simply because we embraced the progress made by globalization and technology. In fact, these are very tools we should maximize to widen our understanding and distill, from among the millions of images and information, which is which according to our own personal beliefs and experiences. REFERENCES Alarifi Pharaon, N. (2004). Saudi Women and the Muslim State in the Twenty-First Century. Sex Roles: A Journal of Research. Volume: 51. Plenum Publishing Corporation. Barlas, A. Believing Women in Islam: Unreading Patriarchal Interpretations of the Quran. Texas: Texas University. 2002. Ebeling, K.The Failure of Feminism. 80 Readings in Composition. Ed. David

PHP Troubleshooting When Page Loads All White

PHP Troubleshooting When Page Loads All White You upload your PHP web page and go to view it. Instead of seeing what you expected, you see nothing. A blank screen (often white), no data, no error, no title, nothing. You view the source ... its blank. What happened? Missing Code The most common reason for a blank page  is that the script is missing a character. If you left out a   or } or ; somewhere, your PHP wont work. You dont get an error; you just get a blank screen. There is nothing more frustrating than looking through thousands of lines of code for the one missing semicolon that is messing the whole thing up. What can be done to correct and prevent this from happening? Turn on PHP Error Reporting. You can learn a lot about what is going wrong from the error messages PHP gives you. If you arent currently getting error messages, you should  turn on PHP error reporting.Test your code often. If you  test each piece as you add it, then when you encounter a problem, you know the specific section to troubleshoot. Itll be in whatever you just added or changed.Try a color-coded editor. A lot of PHP editors- even free ones- color code your PHP as you enter it. This helps you pick out lines that dont end  because youll have large chunks of code in the same color. Its non-intrusive for programmers who prefer to code with no bells and whistles but helpful when troubleshooting.Comment it out. One way to isolate the problem is to comment out large chunks of your code. Start at the top  and comment out all but the first couple of lines in a large block. Then echo () a test message for the section. If it echoes fine, the problem is in a section further dow n in the code. Move the start of your comment and your test echo downward as you work through your document, until you find the problem. If Your Site Uses Loops If you use loops in your code,  it could be that your page is stuck in a loop that never stops loading. You may have forgotten  to add  Ã‚  to the counter at the end of a loop, so the loop continues to run forever. You may have added it to the counter but then accidentally overwritten it at the start of the next loop, so you never gain any ground. One way to help you spot this is to  echo() the current counter number or other useful information at the beginning of each cycle. This way you might get a better idea of where the loop is tripping up. If Your Site Doesnt Use Loops Check that any HTML or Java you use on your page isnt causing a problem  and that any  included pages  are without error.

Postmodernism and Jean-Paul Sartre Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Postmodernism and Jean-Paul Sartre - Essay Example The essay "Postmodernism and Jean-Paul Sartre" discovers postmodernism. Before modernism, there was a very distinct line which separated humans from machines. However, increasing industrialization has transformed us into automatons without feelings. Death was not an abstract thing as long as people remained people and acknowledged the value of social relationships. Transition into mere objects can be explained by increased industrialization which has made human life increasingly mechanical. A mechanical lifestyle has made us â€Å"lose touch with the pulse of life†. Postmodernism has not only introduced us to an absence of social relationships because we have gone beyond that. We have also lost ourselves. Through No Exit, Sartre forwards this argument that we abuse the right to gaze at others so much that we restrict their freedom in addition to objectifying them. All three damned souls in the play also are so infuriated with each other’s gaze upon themselves that they desperately look for mirrors or anything that could help them avoid the burning effect of gaze. It is claimed that in a postmodern life, â€Å"reality itself—i.e., what we have conventionally understood as real—is in a process of disappearance†. In the past, people were considered human beings. Now, they are gazed upon as objects. People are judgmental and they view others as objects. Such is the culture found around the globe in the current postmodern era in which we witness â€Å"the disappearance of the human, the social, and the real† .